An Appraisal of Dietary Habits Contributing to Vitamin A Deficiency in Katsina State
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Background of the Study
Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) is a major public health concern in developing regions, particularly among children and pregnant women. It leads to impaired vision, weakened immunity, and increased susceptibility to infections (Olawale & Yusuf, 2024). In Katsina State, where dietary diversity is limited, many individuals suffer from VAD due to inadequate intake of vitamin A-rich foods such as fruits, vegetables, and animal products.
Despite government-led interventions such as vitamin A supplementation and food fortification, VAD remains prevalent due to poor dietary habits, low awareness, and economic constraints. Understanding the dietary patterns that contribute to VAD is essential for designing effective nutrition interventions.
Statement of the Problem
Although vitamin A supplementation programs exist, VAD continues to affect many residents of Katsina State. The reliance on staple foods with low vitamin A content, coupled with limited access to fortified foods, exacerbates the problem. This study seeks to analyze dietary habits contributing to VAD and suggest practical solutions to improve vitamin A intake in Katsina State.
Objectives of the Study
1. To assess the prevalence of vitamin A deficiency in Katsina State.
2. To examine dietary habits contributing to VAD.
3. To evaluate the effectiveness of existing vitamin A supplementation programs.
Research Questions
1. What is the prevalence of vitamin A deficiency in Katsina State?
2. What dietary habits contribute to VAD?
3. How effective are current vitamin A supplementation programs?
Research Hypotheses
1. Vitamin A deficiency is significantly prevalent in Katsina State.
2. Poor dietary habits contribute to the high prevalence of VAD.
3. Existing supplementation programs are not sufficient in addressing VAD.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study will focus on children and pregnant women in Katsina State. Limitations may include reliance on self-reported dietary intake and potential challenges in assessing long-term vitamin A levels.
Definitions of Terms
• Vitamin A Deficiency (VAD): A condition resulting from inadequate intake of vitamin A, leading to vision impairment and weakened immunity.
• Dietary Habits: The typical food choices and consumption patterns of individuals or communities.
• Food Fortification: The process of adding essential nutrients to food to improve its nutritional value.
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